ABSTRACT In this work, we sought to minimize electricity costs in the coffee bean drying process by carrying out the theoretical sizing of the economic viability of the Photovoltaic Power plant (PVP) ongrid used to supply a Dryer Unit (DU). The methodology consisted of adequate sizing of a PVP generation plant to promote the electric energy balance. It used economic indicators such as internal rate of return, discounted payback, and net present value. Two scenarios were considered: a pessimistic with DU use on-peak period; and an optimistic with full use of the DU during the off-peak period. It was considered local electricity tariff values, and the results indicated the economic feasibility for the PVP installation also the feasibility of the dryer use in both scenarios, there are no restrictions on operating hours. It can be concluded that it is essential to understand the Brazilian electricity bill legislation because only in this way is it possible to properly develop the on-grid photovoltaic power plant projects. The technical and economic parameters are inseparable and indicated that the electricity tariff should not exceed US$ 0.22 (kWh) -1 to ensure the photovoltaic power plants installation viability to supply DUs that remain in operation during on-peak periods.

ABSTRACT The composting of waste from a broiler chicken production chain (BCPC) promotes the mitigation of environmental impacts and allows the commercialization of compost as an agricultural input. Both the characteristics and the potential for use of the final compost depends on the operational conditions during composting. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of organic compounds generated from composting BCPC residues and the pruning debris of urban trees in the germination and initial growth of lettuce seedlings. Six organic substrates obtained under different coverage conditions (presence and absence) and number of turns (8, 12, and 16) were evaluated using the germination index (IG) and Dickson quality index (DQI) for the production of seedlings in trays and compared with a commercial substrate. Principal component analysis demonstrated that the IG is not related to the DQI. The compounds produced without coverage showed lower levels of electrical conductivity (p < 0.05) and potassium (p < 0.05) due to the leaching of soluble salts during composting. These substrates did not inhibit seed germination (IG ≥ 75%), but resulted in less robust seedlings, mainly in relation to the aerial portion. BCPC residues were viable for composting treatment and the DQI of the organic compounds (0.0125) used as substrates for the initial growth of lettuce seedlings were, on average, 14% higher than that obtained from the commercial substrate (0.090), indicating that the organic compounds were of better quality.

O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi avaliar o estado geral da qualidade das águas do rio Belém a partir de duas abordagens complementares: o uso do Índice de Qualidade das Águas da National Sanitation Foundation e de protocolos perceptivos (Indicador de Intensidade Antrópica e Indicador de Valor de Habitat). Para o monitoramento, foram selecionados 10 pontos no seu canal principal além da foz dos 13 tributários principais. Os resultados do IQA nsf mostraram perda progressiva da qualidade das águas da nascente para a foz em razão do aporte de esgotos domésticos oriundos das regiões mais densamente habitadas próximas ao centro da cidade. A aplicação dos protocolos perceptivos mostrou maior variabilidade dos resultados, mas com tendência esperada em relação ao IQAnsf, indicando seu uso potencial como instrumento de avaliação complementar.

The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the water quality of Belem River with two complementary strategies: the use of the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index and the application of perceptive protocols (Human Intensity Index and Habitat Value Index). To access the water quality, 10 points at the main river channel as well as the estuary of its 13 main tributaries were selected. The WQInsf results showed a gradual loss of the water quality from the headwater to its mouth mainly due the presence of domestic effluents from the more densely populated areas located near the center of the city. The application of perceptive protocols showed more variable but predictable results indicating its potential as complementary methods of evaluation.